research Why we should include spatial information in whole cell modeling Spatial Heterogeneity Modulates Activation Dynamics of the Yeast Galactose Regulatory Circuit What must a host and its engineered endosymbiont exchange? A genome-scale model of synthetic yeast–cyanobacteria endosymbiosis resolves the host's energetic dependence and the direction of interface carbon Can a metabolic network be drawn the way a curator would draw it? MetaCarto turns any genome-scale model into publication-quality Escher maps by construction — no annealing, no random seed, no hand editing academic personal